The Clojure function zipmap create a map by interleaving a collection of keys with a collection of values. The first element of the keys collection is the map entry keyword and the first element of the values collection is than the map entry value, and so on for the other elements in the keys and values collections.

In the following example code we use zipmap using different examples of keys and values collections:

In Clojure we can use the comp function to create a new function based on multiple other functions. We create a new function by composing other functions. We can invoke the function that is returned from the comp function with input arguments. These arguments are applied to the right most function that was used with comp. Then the output of that function is the input for the next function.

In the following example code we see several usages of the comp function. Also we see how the ordening of the functions can change the output:

In Clojure we can use the range function to create a lazy sequence of numbers. We can optionally specify a start value, end value and define the steps between the numbers. If we use the end value argument that value is exclusive for the returned values in the lazy sequence.

In the following example we invoke the range function with different arguments:

The function fnil can be used to create a new function from an existing function where we define default values for arguments that can be nil. Especially when we want to use a function that we didn’t write ourselves this can be helpful to handle nil values in a consistent way. We can prevent for example a NullPointerException by setting a default value. We can define default values for a maximum of three arguments for the original function. When we invoke the function that is returned from the fnil function any extra arguments after the first arguments are simply passed on to the original function.

In the following example code we define a new times function based on the * function. In the example we define a default value for the first three arguments.

Clojure has the partition, partition-all and partition-by functions to transform a collection into a list of sequences with a (fixed) number of items. We can set the number of items in each sequence by providing a number as the first argument of the partition and partition-all functions. Any remainder elements are not in the resulting list of sequences when we use partition, but are when we use partition-all. We can also specify another collection to use values from to fill up the remainder as the third argument of the partition function.
Optionally we can specify an offset step value as a second argument using both functions. This mean a new partition sequence will start based on stepping through the original collection with the given step value.
Finally we can use a function to define when a new partition must start with the partition-by function. Every time the function returns a new value a new partition will begin.

In the following example Clojure code we use all three functions with all possible arguments:

If we want to know how often an item is part of a collection we can use the frequencies function. This function returns a map where each entry has the item as key and the number of times it appears in the list as value.

In the following example Clojure code we use the frequencies function:

To make an image linkable in Asciidoctor when formatted to HTML we must use the link attribute when we use the image macro. The value of the link attribute is the address where the user goes when clicking on the image. We can also specify extra link attributes like window to specify the target window for the link to open in.

In the following example we use the link attribute for a block and inline image, with and without an extra window attribute:

Sometimes we want to see if a string is part of another string. Or if the string value starts or ends with a certain string. In Clojure we can use the includes? function from the clojure.string namespace to check if a string is part of another string value. To see if a string starts with a certain value we can use the starts-with? function from the clojure.string namespace. And to check if a string ends with a given value we use ends-with? from the same namespace.

In the next example code we use these functions and also add a matches? function to check if a string matches with a regular expression defined in a string:

The function juxt can be used to get results from multiple functions on the same argument in one go. We pass the functions we want to invoke as arguments to the juxt function. This results in a new function that will return a vector with the results from each original function that is passed to the juxt function. So the first element in the result vector is the result of the first function, the second element is the result of the second function and so on. The documentation of the juxt function shows this clearly as juxt a b c ⇒ [a(x) b(x) c(x)].

In the following example we use the juxt function to apply multiple functions on a string, collection and map:

The iterate function create a lazy, infinitive sequence based on function calls. The iterate function takes a function and an initial value as arguments. The first element in the sequence is the initial value, next the function is invoked with the previous element as argument and this continues for each new element. Suppose we have a function #(+ 2 %) that adds 2 to the input argument. Then if we use this function with iterate and start with value 1 the first elements of the sequence will be 1, (+ 2 1), (+ 2 3), (+ 2 5). So first element is the initial value, next element is the invocation of the function with input argument 1. The result of this function is 3, which is then the input for the function to calculate the next element and so on.

In the following example code we use iterate in different scenario’s:

The first function in Clojure returns the first item of a collection. The next function returns a new sequence with all elements after the first element from a collection. Clojure adds some utility methods to combine first and next with different combinations. We can use the function ffirst which is will return the first element of the first element of a collection and the nfirst function to get the next elements from the first element of a collection. We can use the function fnext to get the first element of the next elements of a collection and the function nnext to get the next elements of the next elements of a collection.

In the following example we use the ffirst, nfirst, fnext and nnext:

Since Java 9 we can use a function as argument for the Matcher.replaceAll method. The function is invoked with a single argument of type MatchResult and must return a String value. The MatchResult object contains a found match we can get using the group method. If there are capturing groups in the regular expression used for replacing a value we can use group method with the capturing group index as argument.

In the following example we use the replaceAll method and we use a regular expression without and with capturing groups: